What ecosystem service do coastal dunes provide?

Coastal dunes are an essential component of coastal ecosystems, functioning primarily as a buffer against storm surges. When storms occur, the powerful waves and high winds can lead to significant coastal erosion and flooding. Dunes absorb much of the energy from storm surges, reducing the impact on inland areas and human infrastructure. This buffering capacity helps to minimize damage during severe weather events, protecting ecosystems, properties, and communities.

While coastal dunes can indeed protect against rising sea levels and contribute to recreational areas, their most critical direct service lies in their ability to mitigate storm impacts. Marine habitats, while important, are more typically associated with other coastal environments such as marshes and reefs rather than directly with the dunes themselves. Thus, the function of dunes in storm surge protection is a key aspect of maintaining coastal stability and resilience against extreme weather events.